航空公司为同性恋伴侣提供福利
(作者或来源)
本文原文及译文由 CC 提供 kittyboyz@yahoo.com 当同性恋员工在为他们的伴侣争取权益时,今年夏天传来好消息,美国的主要航空公司都将为他们的同性恋员工的伴侣提供社会福利。就在两周前,美国三家主要航空公司计划将其员工福利政策延伸以包括同性恋家庭。作为美国最大的航空公司,联合航空(United Airline),首先做出福利扩展决定,随后在7月30日,美国航空(American Airlines)和美国空运(US Airways)也宣布类似计划。
航空公司的决定是由法庭判决所引起的。7月旧金山联邦法院裁定,联合航空必须将其主要员工福利政策扩展到同性伴侣及非婚异性伴侣。法院的判决使联合航空的政策符合旧金山市的非歧视条约。几家航空公司将于明年早期颁布具体的实施计划。
一些公司反对法院的裁定,他们怕这样的政策将使医疗保险的开支大大增加,因为爱滋病的引入。同时,也有人肯定这样的政策,他们认为事实上,这样使公司的医疗保险的开支减小,考虑到怀孕及生育费用的减少。
早在80年代就有高科技公司引入类似计划,莲花、微软、IBM先后颁布相关政策。在人权组织的促使下,有很多传统企业也加入到了这一队伍,例如,雪佛兰、壳牌、美孚、BP、21世纪的福科斯、迪斯尼、索尼娱乐。
南方浸信会曾对这种同性福利计划表示坚决反对。在1997年,迪斯尼颁布类似计划时,他们曾号召他们的一千五百万会员抵制迪斯尼。但目前,他们还没有对航空公司的计划发表评论。
附:美联社英文原稿
Sunday October 17, 8:08 pm Eastern Time
Airlines Offering Same-Sex Benefits
By PAUL TOLME
Associated Press Writer
ARLINGTON, Va. (AP) -- As gay and lesbian workers fight for benefits for their partners, this summer brought good news for those working in the airline industry.
In less than two weeks, three major airlines announced they would extend employee benefits to homosexuals. Just like that, the airlines joined the entertainment and high-tech industries as the most visible business sectors to offer such benefits.
United Airlines, the nation's largest, was the first to make the decision, on July 30, followed closely by American Airlines and US Airways.
Despite the good will the airlines hope the policies will engender among their gay workers and customers, the rush to add benefits was triggered by a court decision.
In July, a federal judge in San Francisco ordered Chicago-based United to provide employee flight discounts, bereavement leave and medical leave to both same-sex couples and unmarried heterosexuals living together.
The judge's decision was designed to bring United into compliance with a San Francisco city ordinance.
Hours after an appeals court upheld that ruling, United announced it would offer all benefits,
including health insurance, to partners of employees and retirees nationwide beginning next May.
US Airways and American said their new policies apply so far only to gay couples. They're still studying extending them to live-in heterosexuals.
American, based in Fort Worth, Texas, expects to have the new benefits in place by spring 2000, spokesman Tim Kincaid said.
US Airways, based in Arlington, is discussing the scope of the benefits with labor leaders and hasn't yet set a date for their implementation, spokesman David Castleveter said.
``These policies make good business sense,'' said Kim Mills, spokeswoman for the Human Rights Campaign, which says about 2,800 companies and 74 Fortune 500s have implemented same-sex benefit policies.
``In a labor market where unemployment is running at about four percent, it's hard for companies to attract and keep good employees,'' she said.
The Human Rights Campaign is discussing the policies with other airlines, including Continental, Delta, Southwest and Northwest, officials from the Washington-based nonprofit group said.
The policies are expected to raise costs for the airlines, but it's difficult to say by how much.
``We don't know yet how it's going to fall out,'' said American's Kincaid, noting the airline has no idea how many employees are gay and how many will sign up. Because benefits to same-sex partners are taxable income, many employees may not sign up, he said.
Some companies have balked at such policies because of fears that health insurance premiums would jump if employees' partners with HIV or AIDS had to be covered, Kincaid said.
In fact, same-sex benefits may be inexpensive because they generally will not have to cover the costs of troubled pregnancies or children, he said.
``Most companies have found that it's a much lower impact